5 research outputs found
English Morphology
There is a popular understanding among English learners that
meaning lies in words. This is only partially true. In English monomorphemic
words meaning lies in the single morphemes which are also
the words. However, there are a lot of bimorphemic or polymorphemic
words in English. The meaning of these words is determined by the units
of meaning that combine into words. These units of meaning are called
morphemes. Meaning lies in morphemes. In English the meaning of
words lies in free morphemes, bound stems, prefixes, suffixes, and
superfixe
A System Approach to Bahasa Indonesia
In the last few decades, there have been a lot of undesirable
changes in Bahasa Indonesia. The undesirable changes occur through
coining new words, borrowing words from other languages, especially
English, blending Bahasa Indonesia words and acronymizing words.
Bahasa Indonesia users seem to exercise their complete freedom in using
language. There is no control in coining words, borrowing words,
blending words, and acronymizing words. The loss of control that leads
to free will and right to use Bahasa Indonesia has caused Bahasa
Indonesia chaos. If the free will and free right are not curbed, there will
certainly be greater chaos. System approach teaches that Bahasa
Indonesia serves the function as an official language and a national
language. This function has to be maintained and preserved. If
individuals belonging to Bangsa Indonesia continue to exercise their free
will and free right in using Bahasa Indonesia, it can be predicted that
Bahasa Indonesia will change from Indonesian Identity to British
Identit
IN DEFENCE OF CONTEXT-SENSITIVE SEMANTICS AND CONTEXT-SENSITIVE LINGUISTICS IN PRAGMATICS
Kinneavy (1971:23) states that “since pragmatics is viewed as the study of complete discourse, it does not include semantics as such or syntactic as such. These two constitute linguistics, and linguistic analysis is not discourse analysis, though, of course, it can contribute to the understanding of discourse, consequently, syntactic and semantics are beyond the borders of discourse study”. Cook (1990:12) also separates linguistics from discourse analysis. Linguistics is said to be without context or context-free. He further says that semantics is context-free. This paper is to argue that both sentence linguistics and semantics are context sensitive. From the point of view of language acquisition, the syntactic structures word meaning, sentence meaning and knowledge of the world that an informant later uses to produce language, are all based on context and are derived from context. Accordingly, sentence linguistics and semantics are context-sensitive.
Key Words: pragmatics, linguistics semantics, context-sensitiv
IN DEFENCE OF CONTEXT-SENSITIVE SEMANTICS AND CONTEXT-SENSITIVE LINGUISTICS IN PRAGMATICS
Kinneavy (1971:23) states that “since pragmatics is viewed as the study of complete discourse, it does not include semantics as such or syntactic as such. These two constitute linguistics, and linguistic analysis is not discourse analysis, though, of course, it can contribute to the understanding of discourse, consequently, syntactic and semantics are beyond the borders of discourse study”. Cook (1990:12) also separates linguistics from discourse analysis. Linguistics is said to be without context or context-free. He further says that semantics is context-free. This paper is to argue that both sentence linguistics and semantics are context sensitive. From the point of view of language acquisition, the syntactic structures word meaning, sentence meaning and knowledge of the world that an informant later uses to produce language, are all based on context and are derived from context. Accordingly, sentence linguistics and semantics are context-sensitive.
Key Words: pragmatics, linguistics semantics, context-sensitiv
Predicting the Meaning of English Words from Context
One of the techniques of teaching English vocabulary to
Indonesian learners is by predicting the meaning of the English words
from context. But the effectiveness of this technique is very rarely studied.
This study aims at finding out the degree of effectiveness of prediction
from context. On the basis of a proposed theory that when learners have
not had a very large size of references in the long-term memory
prediction may fail, it is hypothesized that prediction from context has a
low degree of effectiveness.
The study makes use of the survey method. It involves 51 subjects.
They are the second semester students of the English Department, Faculty
of Teacher Training and Education, Widya Mandala Catholic University
Surabaya who are randomly sampled from the population that is the
second semester students of the English Department. Subjects predict the
meaning of 36 English words which are found in 15 reading passages. A
criterion of mean score is set to determine the degree of effectiveness of
the techniques.
The mean score obtained by the subjects is 12. The finding is that
the prediction technique has a low degree of effectiveness. The finding
supports the proposed theory that when learners, have not had a very
large size of references in the long-term memory, prediction may fai